Production of briquettes



reams na iafieaa [earns stares tenant earner errata,

dramas nnoannmnen, EDWIN JELPSER, nun WILLIAM wanwres: antennas, on

scanners, nnetaun, assreuons 'ro sameness snraraarron mourn arasnrcaa cenrcnarroor, or new roan, n. Y, aconrouarron or manrtann a we brewing original application filed August 1'7, 19%, Serial No. audios. Divided and this application filed may 1?, 1923. Serial No. 839,695.

iTa all whom it may concern: I

f Beit known that we, Wei-Linn Bruno fnn'msn, llnwm Eosnu, and WILLIAM Wan- -W'I K-STENNIN subjects of the King of .15 England, and residents of the city of London, England, have invented certain new and useful improvements in the Production of Briquettes, of which the following is a zispeir-ification. 10,: Thisi in vention relates to the production tr briquettes, and is herein illustrated as I aplgl ed to the production of coal briquettes, an, coal concentrated from impure ecal, coal dumps and the like. Qne -lof-the problems in briquetting is to securefaneficient coating of the coal tides-by the binding medium, such as pitch,

tar, res n, and the like. :In the froth-flotation process of concen- 20- .trat-ing' ores as disclosed in Patent No. 1 835,120, toSu-lman, Picard and Ballot, of ,Noyember 6th, 1906, and later patents, it is known that the methods therein used for if, 'a' itating a pulp of ore and water with an aded agent, such as oil, tar and the like, result in a very efl'ective coating of certain 'auineral particles with the added agent, "and-Yanequally effective flocculation of the particles which become readily separable lltilffrom water, and We have now discovered by experiment that when finely divided coal i;' lin' suspensionin Water is subjected to similar types of agitation in the presence of a liquefied binding medium, the coal particles -$3 ,,become "readily and thoroughly coated and {also flocculated, p

f iii-feature ofthis invention, therefore, lies in themaking of briquettes from carbonized inch-whether artificially or naturally carblonized, as coal, by a process wherein the owdered coal, suspended in water, is sub- ,Iectied to agitation with a binding medium 'whereby the coal particles are coated with 1' T the binding medium and fiocculatcd so as to a readily separable from water.

, Again, inth froth-flotation process of concentrating ores it was frequently found desirable to add to the aqueous pulp certain agents which facilitated the segregation of the desired mineral particles. In the specification such agents are referred to as flocculating agents, and it may be desirable to fore, consists in the employment in the pulp,

during the above described agitation, of a flocculating agent, such as slaked lime, which assists in the flocculation and subsequent draining of the coated coal particles, and also acts as an auxiliary binding agent in briquetting.

Again, m the froth-flotation process of ore concentration, the action of the air in causing flocculation and rendering the concentrate particles readily separable from water is known, and it is a feature of this invention that the agitation of the coalwater pulp "witlrthe bindilig agent is conducted with a greater or less degree of aera tion, either by agitationaifecting or accom panied by the introduction of air or by airagitation.

One process of producing coal briquettes from impure coal, coal dumps and the like, according to this invention, consists in crushing the crude material, if necessary, subjecting it to concentration and flotation withthe addition of a liquid agent which affords or contains both frr'thing agent and a binding medium, and with or without a flocculating agent, such as slaked lime, whereby the coal particles become coated with the binding medium, flocculated and floated in the form of a glomerates supported by bubbles,.whilet1e gangue is not so floated, collecting and draining the agglomerates and making the moist coal concentrate into briquettes.

Example.

at the rate of 11/; lbs. per ton of the crude slurry, and kerosene oil at the rate of 1 lbs. per ton of the crude slurry. The pitchcoated coal was floated in the form of ag- I glomerates supported by bubbles, removed,

-filtered, masticated, kneaded and briquetted, and a briquette was made as described above. The briquette was of excellent qualities and c0ntained'7 of ash.

In cases where it is desired to recover the coated coal as a float, it is preferred to employ an agitation apparatus of the subaeration type, such, for example, as are disclosed in the patents to Arthur Howard Higgins and one of us, William Warwick Stenning, No. 1,155,815, to said Arthur Howard Higins, No. 1,155,816, and to Thomas Mackellar wen, No. 1,155,836, each dated October 5, 1915.

In any of the above described agitations, the aqueous pulp may be heated to any desired degree to'assist in disseminating the binding medium ,over the surface of the coal particles; and as the water is conveniently employed in closed circuit, its temperature can be kept up without much expense.

The result of all of the above described agitat-ions with binding medium present is to form flocculations which are in fact agglomerations. The agglomerations tend to free themselves from the water of thepulp and therefore a very low.moisture content is readily attainable and is much more read ily attainable than in the case of both flotation concentrates from ore concentration;

in a suitably divided conditionto flotation separation, with the addition of material acting as frothing agent and binding medium and with a'flocculating agent whereby selected particles become coated, flocculated and floated in the form of agglomerates supported by bubbles, while impurities are not so floated, collecting and draining the float, and forming briquettes from the coated particles.

2. A process of making fuel briquettes from impure carbonized fuel which consists in subjecting the crude material in a suitably divided condition to concentration by a flotation process with the addition of material acting as frothing agent and binding medium and with a saline flocculating agent whereby carbonized particles become coate fiocculated, and floated. in the form ofagglomerams supported by'biibbles, while gangue is not so floated, collecting and drainmg the float, and forming briquettes from the coated particles; i

3. A process of making briquettes of carbonized fuel which consists in'agitating the consists in agitatingthe impure carbonized fuel in suitably divided condition in a freely flowing pulp with material acting as frothing agent and binding medium so as to coat carbonized particles and agglonierate them andfloat agglomerates of carbonized particles, and separating the floating agglomcrates from pulp liquid.

5.. A process of making briquettes-of carbonized fuel which consists in agitating the impure carbonized fuel in suitablydivided condition in a freely flowing pulp, with material acting as frothing agent and binding medium in amount suflicient to cause carbonized'gparticles to agglomerate but insufficient to flow on' the surface of the particles after coating the same, so as to coat earbonizedparticles and agglomerate them and float agglomerates of carbonized particles, and separating the floating agglomerates from pulp liquid and forming the agglomerates into briquettes.

'6. A process of making relatively dry aggloi'nerates of unified carbonized fuel which consists in agi ating the impure carbonized fuel in suitably divided condition in a freely flowing pulp, with material acting ns frothing agent and binding medium in amount suflicicnt to cause carbonized articles to agglomerate but insuflicient to ow on the surface of the particles after coating the same,

so asto 'coa-t carbonized particles and agglomerate themnnd flout agglomerates of carbonized particles, "and separatin the floating agglomerates from pulp liqui 7. A process of making briquettes of car,- bonized fuel which consists in agitating the impure carbonized fuel in suitably divided condition in :1 freely flowing pulp, .with material acting as frothing agent and binding medium and containing a large proportion of heavy hydrocarbons, so as to coat carbonized particles and agglomerate them and float agglomerutes of the particles. and separating the floating agglomerates from pulp liquid and forming the agglomerates into briquettes.

.8. A process of making relatively dry agglomerates of purified carbonized fuel which consists in agitating the impure carbonized fuel in suitably divided condition in 2? freely flowing pulp, Wlilll material acting as frothing agent and binding medium and containing a large proportion of heavy hydrocarbons, so as-to coat carbonized particles and. agglomerut'e them and float agglomcrales of the particles, and separating the floating aggloiuerules from pulp liquid.

9. A process of mullingbriquettes of carlionizcd fuel which consists in agitating the impure carbonized fuel in suitably divicleii condition in a freely flowii'lgvpulp, with a sufficient amount of material acting as frothing agent and binding medium and containing a large proportion of heavy hydrocarbons to cause carbonized particles to agglomeretc but'in'sullicient lo flow on the surface of the particles after coating the same, so as to coat carbonized particles and agglouicrute lliem and flout agglomerzil'es of lhe particles, and separating; the flouting agglomerates from pulp liquid and forming the ugglomerutes into briquettes.

10. A process or making relatively dry ugglomerclesof purified carbonized fuel which consists in agitating the impure curbouizeii'fuel in suitably divided condition in a, freely flowing: pulp with a: ffi i t amount of mulcriul acting as frotliiug agent v and binding medium and containing a large proportion of heavy hydrocarbons to cause carbonized particles to agglomerate but in- .sullicient to flow on the surface-of the perticle's'afler coaling the same, so as to coat,

uiuieei carbonized. particles and agglomereie them and float aggiornerutes of the particles, and separating the floating egglomerates from pulp liquid.

ll. process of mailing briquettes (if? can lmuizedl fuel which eonsis in agitating the imoure carbonized fuel in suitably divided condition in a freely flowing pulp Willi maleriul all'oriliug a frotliing agent and com Zeiuing pitch so as to coat carbonized particles and ugglolneralte them and float agglom erates of the particles, and separating the floating aggloiucrutes from pulp liquid and forming the ngglomerules into briquettes l A process of making briquettes of car-- bomzeil fuel which consists in agitating the impure carbonized fuel in suitably divided condition in a freely flowing pulp, with u sullicient amount of material allordiug a frotiiiug :igcu'i and contuiuiug pitch to cause carbonized particles to ugglomerale but insufficient to How on the surface of the pur 'licles after coming the same, so to coal carbonized particles and agglomeruic them and flout agglomerutes of the puriicles, and separzuzing llie floating ugglomerutes from pulp liquid and forming the agglomerates into briquettes.

In testimony wliereo signalures to this soeei We have affixed our icatiou, 

